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Create a Virtual Machine#1
2014/07/11 |
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Install GuestOS and create a Virtual Machine. This example shows to install CentOS 7.
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| [1] | Install GuestOS on text mode via network, it's OK on Console or remote connection with Putty and so on. Furthermore, Virtual Machine's images are placed at /var/lib/libvirt/images by default as a Storage Pool, but this example shows to create and use a new Storage Pool. |
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[root@dlp ~]# mkdir -p /var/kvm/images # create a new Storage Pool [root@dlp ~]# virt-install \
Starting install...
--name centos7 \
--ram 4096 \ --disk path=/var/kvm/images/centos7.img,size=30 \ --vcpus 2 \ --os-type linux \ --os-variant rhel7 \ --network bridge=br0 \ --graphics none \ --console pty,target_type=serial \ --location 'http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/os/x86_64/' \ --extra-args 'console=ttyS0,115200n8 serial' # start installation |
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The example of options above means like follows. There are many options for others, make sure with "man virt-install".
--name
specify the name of Virtual Machine
--ram
specify the amount of memories of Virtual Machine
--disk path=xxx ,size=xxx
'path=' ⇒ specify the location of disks of Virtual Machine
--vcpus'size=' ⇒ specify the amount of disks of Virtual Machine
specify the virtual CPUs
--os-type
specify the type of GuestOS
--os-variant
specify the kind of GuestOS - possible to confirm the list with the command below
--network# osinfo-query os
specify network types of Virtual Machine
--graphics
specify the kind of graphics. if set 'none', it means nographics.
--console
specify the console type
--location
specify the location of installation where from
--extra-args
specify parameters that is set in kernel
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| [2] | Install on text mode, it's the same with common procedure of installation. After finishing installation, reboot first and then login prompt is shown like follwos. |
CentOS Linux 7 (Core) Kernel 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 on an x86_64 localhost login: |
| [3] | Move to GuestOS to HostOS with Ctrl + ] key. Move to HostOS to GuestOS with a command 'virsh console (name of virtual machine)'. |
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[root@localhost ~]#
[root@dlp ~]# # push Ctrl + ] [root@dlp ~]# # Host's console virsh console centos7 # move to Guest Connected to domain www
Escape character is ^]
[root@localhost ~]# # Enter key # Guest's console |
| [4] | Because after installing GuestOS from network, it is minimum settings, so it's useful to save it as a template in order to create new virtual machines later. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-clone --original centos7 --name template --file /var/kvm/images/template.img
Allocating 'template.img'
| 20 GB 01:44
Clone 'template' created successfully.
[root@dlp ~]# ll /var/kvm/images/template.img # disk image -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 32212254720 Jul 11 23:34 /var/kvm/images/template.img [root@dlp ~]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu/template.xml # xml file -rw------- 1 root root 1843 Jul 11 23:32 /etc/libvirt/qemu/template.xml |
| [5] | |
| [6] | Define a new Storage Pool. |
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[root@dlp ~]# mkdir /etc/libvirt/storage
[root@dlp ~]#
vi /etc/libvirt/storage/disk01.xml # create new
<pool type='dir'>
# any name you like <name>disk01</name> <capacity>0</capacity> <allocation>0</allocation> <available>0</available> <source> </source> <target> # specify a pool directory <path>/var/kvm/images</path> <permissions> <mode>0700</mode> <owner>-1</owner> <group>-1</group> </permissions> </target> </pool> # define the pool [root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-define /etc/libvirt/storage/disk01.xml
Pool disk01 defined from /etc/libvirt/storage/disk01.xml
# start the pool [root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-start disk01
Pool disk01 started
# set auto-start [root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-autostart disk01
Pool disk01 marked as autostarted
# confirm to show the pool list [root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-list Name State Autostart ----------------------------------------- disk01 active yes # confirm to show the details [root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-info disk01 Name: disk01 UUID: 2de62477-7132-4512-b5d8-003e28da105c State: running Persistent: yes Autostart: yes Capacity: 197.17 GiB Allocation: 2.90 GiB Available: 194.27 GiB |